dumb
英[dʌm]
美[dʌm]
- adj. 哑的，无说话能力的；不说话的，无声音的
词态变化
第三人称单数: dumbs;过去式: dumbed;现在分词: dumbing;比较级: dumber;最高级: dumbest;副词: dumbly;名词: dumbness; dumbing down;
助记提示
1. du(毒) + m(妹妹) + b(把) => 把妹妹毒哑了。
2. dumb 大默（总是沉默不语，谓之大默） = 哑的。
3. 大智若愚，大默无言。
中文词源
dumb 哑的
来自PIE*dheu, 烟尘，烟雾，词源同dust, deaf, dull. 引申词义笨拙的，哑的。
英文词源
- dumb
- dumb: [OE] The notion underlying dumb is of ‘sensory or mental impairment’. It goes back to a nasalized version of prehistoric Indo-European *dheubh-, denoting ‘confusion, stupefaction, or dizziness’, which was also the ultimate source of English deaf. This developed two stands of meaning. The first, through association of ‘sensory or mental impairment’ and ‘slowwittedness’, led to forms such as German dumm and Dutch dom, which mean ‘stupid’ (the use of dumb to mean ‘stupid’ did not develop until the 19th century, in American English, presumably under the influence of the German and Dutch adjectives).
The other was semantic specialization to a particular sort of mental impairment, the inability to speak, which produced Gothic dumbs, Old Norse dumbr, and English dumb. (The German word for ‘dumb’, stumm, is related to English stammer and stumble, as are Dutch stom and Swedish stum.) Dummy [16] is a derivative; it originally meant ‘dumb person’.
=> deaf, dummy - dumb (adj.)
- Old English dumb "silent, unable to speak," from PIE *dheubh- "confusion, stupefaction, dizziness," from root *dheu- (1) "dust, mist, vapor, smoke," and related notions of "defective perception or wits."
The Old English, Old Saxon (dumb), Gothic (dumbs), and Old Norse (dumbr) forms of the word meant only "mute, speechless;" in Old High German (thumb) it meant both this and "stupid," and in Modern German this latter became the only sense. Meaning "foolish, ignorant" was occasionally in Middle English, but modern use (1823) comes from influence of German dumm. Related: dumber; dumbest.
Applied to silent contrivances, hence dumbwaiter. As a verb, in late Old English, "to become mute;" c. 1600, "to make mute." To dumb (something) down is from 1933.
双语例句
- 1. The questions were set up to make her look dumb.
- 问题这么设计，就是为了让她出丑。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. The snowy street, like the church, assumed a dumb, lifeless aspect.
- 积雪覆盖的街道就像教堂一样，显得沉闷、毫无生气。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. An expression of dumb recognition wiggled across her features.
- 她不语，从她脸上掠过的一丝表情可知她是认得的。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. It's the media that's dumb.
- 让人恼火的是媒体。
来自柯林斯例句
- 5. I've met a lot of dumb people.
- 我遇到过很多笨蛋。
来自柯林斯例句